Geostatistics is a branch of statistics that focuses on the analysis, modeling, and interpretation of spatial or spatio-temporal data. Originating from the mining and petroleum industries, it has evolved into a multidisciplinary field applied in diverse domains such as environmental science, agriculture, geology, hydrology, and urban planning. Geostatistics provides a framework for understanding patterns, estimating values in unmeasured locations, and making informed decisions based on spatial relationships.
geostatistics involves studying the spatial variability of a phenomenon by using statistical techniques. Unlike traditional statistics, which often assume independence between data points, geostatistics explicitly accounts for spatial dependency—the idea that nearby locations are likely to be more similar than distant ones. This spatial correlation is quantified and leveraged to make predictions and build models that reflect the natural continuity of geographic phenomena.
